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| Pharmaceutical product: Immunosera |
Pharmaceutical product: Immunosera
Immunosera are the preparations derived from
the blood of animals.
They don’t have bacteria or any toxin,
containing antibodies formed in another animal.
They provide immunity immediately to whom immunoserum is given, but the immunity lasts for a short time.
They provide immunity immediately to whom immunoserum is given, but the immunity lasts for a short time.
Preparation of Immunosera:
To prepare an Immunoserum -
a) a horse is injected with a sequence of spaced doses of an antigen.
b) this step continues until a trial blood sample shows an induction of a high - titre of antibody to the injected antigen.
c) a large volume of blood is removed and collected in a vessel containing sufficient citrate solution to prevent blood clotting.
d) the blood cells are allowed to settle and the supernatant plasma is drwan off.
e) the plasma is then fractioned by the addition of ammonium sulfate and the globulin fraction is recovered and treated with pepsin to yield a refined immunoserum.
f) the refined immunoserum is titrated for the potency of its antibody content, diluted to required concentration and transferred into ampoules.
To prepare an Immunoserum -
a) a horse is injected with a sequence of spaced doses of an antigen.
b) this step continues until a trial blood sample shows an induction of a high - titre of antibody to the injected antigen.
c) a large volume of blood is removed and collected in a vessel containing sufficient citrate solution to prevent blood clotting.
d) the blood cells are allowed to settle and the supernatant plasma is drwan off.
e) the plasma is then fractioned by the addition of ammonium sulfate and the globulin fraction is recovered and treated with pepsin to yield a refined immunoserum.
f) the refined immunoserum is titrated for the potency of its antibody content, diluted to required concentration and transferred into ampoules.
Quality
of Immunosera and potency tests:
Quality of the immunosera is controlled by potency tests and by conventional tests for safety and sterility.
Quality of the immunosera is controlled by potency tests and by conventional tests for safety and sterility.
The potency is estimated by comparing the
amount of an immunoserum that is required to neutralize an effect of an
homologous antigen with the amount of a standard preparation required to
achieve the same effect.
Immunosera used in the prevention of
infections in human:
Immunoserum
|
Potency assay method
|
Potency requirements
|
Botulinum antitoxin
|
Neutralization
of the lethal effects of Botulinum toxins A, B, E in mice
|
500
IU per ml for A and B
50
IU per ml for E
|
Diptheria
antitoxin
|
Neutralization
of the erythrogenic effects of Diptheria toxins in guinea pigs
|
1000
IU per ml for the preparation in horse.
500
IU per ml for the preparation in other animals
|
Tetanus
antitoxin
|
Neutralization
of the paralytic effects of Tetanus
toxins in mice
|
1000
IU per ml for prophylaxis
3000
IU per ml for treatment
|
The Daily Youth- tdy24.com Presents
Pharmaceutical product: Immunosera
Written By
Sadia
Akhtar
Student of Department of Microbiology
Jagannath University.
Email- sadiabd810@yahoo.com
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